____ 1. A political culture exists where
|
a.
|
there is a distinctive and patterned way of thinking about political and economic life.
|
|
b.
|
the demographics of a nation suggest the presence of a fairly homogeneous group.
|
|
c.
|
a constitution creates an orderly society.
|
|
d.
|
there is a large amount of agreement among the public.
|
|
e.
|
there is elite guidance in matters related to politics.
|
____ 2. In our society, government officials should be accountable to the people. This principle is known as
|
a.
|
liberty.
|
|
b.
|
equality.
|
|
c.
|
civic duty.
|
|
d.
|
democracy.
|
|
e.
|
capitalism.
|
____ 3. Liberty and individual responsibility are two key elements of
|
a.
|
all Western democracies.
|
|
b.
|
all twentieth-century nations.
|
|
c.
|
most nations throughout history.
|
|
d.
|
U.S. political culture.
|
|
e.
|
European nations during the 1700s.
|
____ 4. There is, in fact, less income inequality in Sweden than in America because
|
a.
|
workers there are more similar in their talents.
|
|
b.
|
employers have different notions of economic fairness.
|
|
c.
|
the government ensures that it is so.
|
|
d.
|
education levels are much lower in Sweden.
|
|
e.
|
political parties are stronger in the United States.
|
____ 5. The text suggests that Americans have a “preoccupation” with
|
a.
|
law.
|
|
b.
|
rights.
|
|
c.
|
order.
|
|
d.
|
conflict.
|
|
e.
|
commerce.
|
____ 6. Which statement is incorrect?
|
a.
|
The Federalists were led by Hamilton and Adams.
|
|
b.
|
The Democratic–Republicans were led by Jefferson and Madison.
|
|
c.
|
The Federalists passed laws to suppress journalists favorable to Jefferson.
|
|
d.
|
The Federalists and the Democratic–Republicans deeply distrusted one another.
|
|
e.
|
The Federalists sought to repeal laws that suppressed journalists favorable to Jefferson.
|
____ 7. Religious diversity in the United States was largely the result of the absence of a(n)
|
a.
|
established religion.
|
|
b.
|
bill of rights.
|
|
c.
|
strong central government.
|
|
d.
|
established aristocracy.
|
|
e.
|
powerful army.
|
____ 8. The notion that individuals should work hard, save their money, and avoid dependence on the state is sometimes referred to as the
|
a.
|
Protestant (work) ethic.
|
|
b.
|
blue-collar ethic.
|
|
c.
|
doctrine of social Darwinism.
|
|
d.
|
evolutionary principle.
|
|
e.
|
labor theory of value.
|
____ 9. The most important source of political values in the United States is probably
|
a.
|
the mass media.
|
|
b.
|
the family.
|
|
c.
|
religion.
|
|
d.
|
public schools.
|
|
e.
|
local newspapers.
|
____ 10. In the language of culture wars, a progressive is more likely to
|
a.
|
value personal freedom as much as traditional rules.
|
|
b.
|
interpret traditional moral rules in the light of new circumstances.
|
|
c.
|
believe that moral rules derive from the commands of God.
|
|
d.
|
believe that notions about right and wrong are clear and unchanging.
|
|
e.
|
A and B
|
____ 11. The culture war is about
|
a.
|
which ethnic group governs.
|
|
b.
|
what kind of country we ought to live in.
|
|
c.
|
how much money should be spent on social programs.
|
|
d.
|
the ethics of foreign policy.
|
|
e.
|
which groups deserve to influence policy.
|
____ 12. In thinking about trends in popular trust of government, it is important to consider that
|
a.
|
levels of trust may have been abnormally high in the 1950s.
|
|
b.
|
little was expected of government in the 1950s.
|
|
c.
|
polling techniques were not perfected until the 1970s.
|
|
d.
|
few Americans understand government or pay attention to it.
|
|
e.
|
A and B
|
____ 13. Over the last three decades, public trust has declined for all of the following except
|
a.
|
newspapers.
|
|
b.
|
public schools.
|
|
c.
|
the military.
|
|
d.
|
television news.
|
|
e.
|
labor unions.
|
____ 14. According to the text, a degree of tolerance toward political discussion without too much oppression is
|
a.
|
what the U.S. Constitution called for.
|
|
b.
|
what the Bill of Rights mandated.
|
|
c.
|
rare in a unitary system.
|
|
d.
|
what characterizes all free nations.
|
|
e.
|
the minimum requirement of a democracy.
|
____ 15. The text argues that a lack of consensus regarding which groups ought to be repressed has led to
|
a.
|
a breakdown of consensual social values.
|
|
b.
|
the survival of unpopular political causes.
|
|
c.
|
a large increase in the number of free-speech court cases.
|
|
d.
|
an erosion of First Amendment freedoms.
|
|
e.
|
reinterpretation of the Protestant work ethic.
|
____ 16. All of the following are reasons that certain groups survive in the face of political intolerance except that
|
a.
|
most of us do not act on our beliefs.
|
|
b.
|
people usually cannot agree on which group to suppress.
|
|
c.
|
Americans have become more tolerant.
|
|
d.
|
such groups receive protection from the courts.
|
|
e.
|
such groups are able to go underground.
|
____ 17. The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution lists all of the following goals of government except
|
a.
|
union.
|
|
b.
|
justice.
|
|
c.
|
liberty.
|
|
d.
|
democracy.
|
|
e.
|
tranquility.
|
____ 18. In America, we often refer to political elites as
|
a.
|
activists.
|
|
b.
|
special interests.
|
|
c.
|
politicos.
|
|
d.
|
socialites.
|
|
e.
|
the ruling class.
|
____ 19. Political activism is correlated most closely with
|
a.
|
political conservatism.
|
|
b.
|
libertarian politics.
|
|
c.
|
gender.
|
|
d.
|
class differentiation.
|
|
e.
|
ideological consistency.
|
____ 20. Which of the following statements about the opinions of political elites is correct?
|
a.
|
They may shape economic policies, but they do not define economic problems.
|
|
b.
|
They may shape foreign affairs policies, but they do not define foreign affairs problems.
|
|
c.
|
They both define the problems and shape the policies on social issues such as crime and drugs.
|
|
d.
|
They tend to reflect the views of a single, unified elite.
|
|
e.
|
They tend to reflect the views of middle America.
|
____ 21. Which of the following statements about elections in the United States is correct?
|
a.
|
The U.S. Constitution called for presidential electors to be picked by voters directly rather than by state legislatures.
|
|
b.
|
The U.S. Constitution standardized the process by which members of the House were elected.
|
|
c.
|
The Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution allowed all blacks to vote.
|
|
d.
|
The U.S. Constitution left entirely to the states the decision of who could vote and for what offices.
|
|
e.
|
All of the above
|
____ 22. In 1842, a federal law required that all House members be elected by
|
a.
|
popular vote.
|
|
b.
|
state legislators.
|
|
c.
|
congressional delegations.
|
|
d.
|
districts.
|
|
e.
|
at-large elections.
|
____ 23. One way that whites prevented blacks from voting prior to passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was by requiring them to
|
a.
|
meet qualifications found in Article III of the Constitution.
|
|
b.
|
register six months in advance of an election.
|
|
c.
|
become U.S. citizens.
|
|
d.
|
memorize the Bill of Rights.
|
|
e.
|
pass a literacy test.
|
____ 24. Between 1915 and 1925, the size of the eligible voting population in the United States almost doubled. The main reason for this was that
|
a.
|
the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified.
|
|
b.
|
women were given the right to vote.
|
|
c.
|
the grandfather clause, which denied voting to blacks, was ruled unconstitutional.
|
|
d.
|
literacy tests for blacks were ruled unconstitutional.
|
|
e.
|
voter-registration laws were abolished in seventeen states.
|
____ 25. When Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1970 and lowered the voting age to eighteen,
|
a.
|
the president vetoed the act.
|
|
b.
|
the Fourteenth Amendment was overturned.
|
|
c.
|
the Supreme Court declared the adjustment unconstitutional.
|
|
d.
|
thirty-five state governors protested the change.
|
|
e.
|
the number of eligible voters instantly doubled.
|
____ 26. Which of the following statements about U.S. voter participation in presidential elections is correct?
|
a.
|
It increased sharply after women, blacks, and youths were given the right to vote.
|
|
b.
|
It has remained steady since at least the mid-nineteenth century.
|
|
c.
|
It has declined since the latter part of the nineteenth century.
|
|
d.
|
It rose steadily throughout the first half of the twentieth century but has recently declined.
|
|
e.
|
It has risen steadily since the campaign of Ross Perot.
|
____ 27. Those who see the decline of voter turnout as a function of party organization change believe all of the following except that
|
a.
|
parties originally aimed to increase mass political participation.
|
|
b.
|
parties used caucuses and conventions and fought against legal barriers to voting to increase participation.
|
|
c.
|
the nation was split by region in the late 1890s, and two-party competition decreased in many places.
|
|
d.
|
both parties became more liberal.
|
|
e.
|
citizens lost interest in politics because the parties did not respond to their needs.
|
____ 28. During the nineteenth century, the term floaters referred to
|
a.
|
individuals who were undecided as election day approached.
|
|
b.
|
individuals who voted more than once.
|
|
c.
|
members of political parties who defected to the other side.
|
|
d.
|
voters who refused to support incumbents.
|
|
e.
|
voters who always supported incumbents.
|
____ 29. The steady decline in U.S. voter turnout appears to be the unintentional result of
|
a.
|
strict voter-registration procedures.
|
|
b.
|
the poll tax.
|
|
c.
|
the fraudulent reporting of election results.
|
|
d.
|
literacy testing.
|
|
e.
|
media campaigns.
|
____ 30. Efforts to reform voting in the aftermath of the Florida vote-count controversy of 2000 might find particular fault with Congress because it
|
a.
|
did not require states to develop systems for counting disputed votes.
|
|
b.
|
did not provide funds for upgrading voting equipment.
|
|
c.
|
stopped short of creating a uniform national voting system.
|
|
d.
|
did not provide funds for training election officials.
|
|
e.
|
did not investigate names that were not on official registration lists.
|
PRACTICE TEST CULTURE OPINION PARTICIPATION
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 78
2. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 79
3. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 79
4. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 85
5. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 86
6. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 86
7. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 86
8. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 87
9. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 87
10. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 88
11. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 89
12. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 89–90
13. ANS: C
C
PTS: 1 REF: 91
14. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 92
15. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 92
16. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 92
17. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 156
18. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 168
19. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 168
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 170
21. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 178
22. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 178
23. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: 178
24. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 179
25. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 180
26. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 181
27. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 181
28. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 182
29. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 182
30. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 182
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